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COVID-19 brought cross-border M&A involving Japan to a temporary standstill, but the momentum is coming back as the impact of the pandemic lessens. Three lawyers offer their insights.

 

WHAT DO YOU EXPECT JAPANíS CROSS-BORDER M&A FOR THE NEXT 3-5 YEARS IN TERMS OF INDUSTRY, NUMBER AND PRICES? WHAT WILL BE THE DRIVING FORCE OF IT?

 

Akifusa Takada
co-managing partner, Baker & McKenzie (Gaikokuho Joint Enterprise)

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The year 2021 was an active one for M&A, especially domestic deals. However, after the pandemic, we expect to see M&As of such significance that they could alter the socio-economic map 10 to 20 years from now. New types of M&A will emerge, typified by the adoption and utilization of strategic spin-outs and carve-outs, and SPACs (special purpose acquisition companies). While there are concerns about geopolitical risks in 2022, we expect continued growth in the health tech sector ó whose rapid evolution has been spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic ó and fields related to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) scheduled to be achieved by 2030.

As for M&A in Japan, while we need to keep an eye on developments related to the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act and geo-economic security, we have the sense that the Japanese market is drawing attention from all over the world as an environment in which overseas players, including global PE (private equity), can participate on an equal footing.

 

Shin Ushijima
partner, Ushijima & Partners Attorneys-at-Law

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The amount of cross-border M&A has been on the rise since 2011 and is expected to continue rising. Although 2020 saw a decline in M&A due to the COVID-19 pandemic, 2021 exceeded 2019 levels and reached a record high. This came as buyers thought diversifying management for risk dispersal and embarking on new ventures amid the unprecedented disaster of the pandemic was a good fit for the needs of sellers who had to secure funds amid COVID-induced poor performance. In addition, there are a series of measures such as the Corporate Governance Code that call for review of business portfolios as well as business restructuring to meet prime market requirements (market capitalisation of tradable shares and ratio of tradable shares), so this situation is expected to continue.

Having said that, the total transaction value for M&A is down from 2019. This is because of tightened restrictions on foreign investment by countries such as the United States and European nations who are worried that falling stock prices due to the pandemic will result in foreign investors acquiring companies that are important in terms of security interests. Despite that, ASEAN countries are deregulating foreign currency restrictions to attract foreign capital, and it is expected that M&A by Japanese companies targeting Southeast Asian countries will increase. Against the background is a declining Japanese domestic market. Southeast Asian countries, which are seeing continued growth in both economy and population, seem to be more and more attractive for Japanese companies not only as the inexpensive manufacturing bases they have been up to now, but also as consumer markets to expand into.

These trends are likely to continue in the future. It is therefore expected that large-scale M&A from Japan into developed countries will continue to decrease, while relatively small-scale M&A targeting developing countries will keep increasing. This will result in an overall rise in the number of M&As, but not in terms of transaction amount.

 

Yan Sun
regional partner, Zhong Lun Law Firm

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Since 2020, cross-border M&A between Japan and China has been hit hard by the one-two punch of the COVID-19 pandemic and conflict between the U.S. and China, slowing its momentum. However, Japanese companiesí investment in China has not been halted despite repeated ups and downs ñ although the method of calculation such as the number of projects and the amount of investment differs depending on interpretation ñ and publicly available statistical data shows that Chinese companiesí investment in Japan is, in fact, expanding rather steadily.

The Chinese companies targeted for acquisition by Japanese companies are shifting from the traditional manufacturing industry to new fields such as new energy, pharmaceuticals, nursing and medical services. On the other hand, the Japanese companies targeted for acquisition by Chinese companies are expanding to software and cultural industries such as comics and games, while maintaining the existing focus on real estate and manufacturing of electrical equipment, machinery, and so forth. This is being driven by various factors such as expanding needs due to changes in Chinaís industrial structure, promotion of the ìGoing Outî (i.e., overseas expansion) strategy for Chinese companies, growth of investment funds within China, and the slowing economic growth. But in any case, once the impact of COVID-19 abates, we can expect to see further growth in investment in Japan by Chinese companies.

 


 

パンデミック後のM&A回復

コロナウイルス感染症拡大により、日本むクロスボーダM&A一時的停滞したがパンデミックの影響くにつれて、勢いをしつつある。経験豊かな弁護士3いた

 

日本が絡むクロスボーダーM&Aの動向は、産業、件数、価格において、今後3-5年程度でどうなると見ておられますか。また、そうしたクロスボーダーM&Aを推進する要因は何でしょうか。

ベーカマッケンジ
法律事務所(外国法共同事業)、共同代表 トナ、高田 昭英

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2021国内中心としたM&A活動活発になりましたがコロナ1020年先社会経済見据えたトランスフォメーショナルなM&A期待しています。企業戦略的会社分割やカーブアウト(事業一部切)、SPAC(特別買収目的会社)導入活用代表される、新しいMAというれがてくるとじています2022地政学リスクが懸念される一方コロナにより拍車がかかり急速進化げるヘルステックや2030達成けた持続可能開発目標(SDGsおける関連分野などはびていくとています

日本におけるMAというでは、外経済安全保障等留意必要ですが、海外のプレーヤーが土俵参加できる環境ってきておりグローバルPEプライベートエクイティ=未公開企業)をはじめ、日本のマーケットが多角的世界から注目されているとじています

 

牛島総合法律事務所
パートナー、牛島信弁護士

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クロスボーダM&A件数2011年来増加傾向にあり、今後増加していくものとわれますこの点、M&A件数2020には新型コロナウイルス流行影響けて減少しましたが2021には2019上回過去最多となりましたこれはいわゆるコロナという未曽有事態のなかでリスク分散のための経営多角化、新規事業開始といった手側えと、業績不振のために資金確保必要とした手側のニーズとが合致した結果われますまた、事業ポートフォリオの見直しをめるコーポレートガバナンスコード一連施策プライム市場条件(流通株式時価総額流通株式比率達成するための事業再編などもありこの状況くとわれます

ただしM&Aに関する取引金額は2019年よりも減少しています新型コロナウイルスの流行による株価下落等結果として、安全保障上重要企業外国投資家買収されることをれた欧米等各国外資規制強化しているためですもっともASEAN諸国外資誘致外貨規制緩和めており、日本企業による東南アジア諸国対象とするM&A増加するとわれます。背景にあるのは国内市場衰退、経済、人口共成長ける東南アジア諸国、日本企業にとってこれまでのような安価製造拠点としての役割だけでなく、消費市場としての役割たす進出先として魅力まっているようです

この傾向は今後も続くように思われます。そのため、今後、日本から先進国への大規模M&A減少、途上国対象とした比較的小規模M&A増加すると予想されますその結果、M&A件数増加するもののその金額増加しないものとえられます

 

中倫律師事所、
リージョナルパートナ、東京、孫彦外国法事務弁護士

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2020年以後、新型コロナウイルスの流行米中対立のダブルパンチにより、日中間のクロスボーダM&Aきな打撃そのいは鈍化しているのが現状ですしかし、日本企業対中投資プロジェクト投資金額等見方により数値なるものの)、増減しつつもきはまっておらず、中国企業対日投資むしろ右肩上がりで拡大しているのが、公的統計データからもれます

日本企業による中国企業製造業から、新エネルギ薬品、サービス新規分野にシフトしています。一方、中国企業による日本企業これまでの、機械器具等製造業中心にしつつソフトウェアや漫画ゲーム

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